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Will This Home-Equity Loan Default?

From the loan amount, the property value, the borrower's job and their credit history, will this home-equity loan go bad? It's the standard teaching table for credit scoring.

Use caseFinancePredictionModel evaluation

The table

5,960 home-equity loans with loan and property values, job, years in job, delinquencies, credit lines and debt-to-income ratio, and whether the loan defaulted. It's in Welt's research catalogue as HMEQ Loan Default Data, 5,960 rows by 21 columns, licensed Public. The catalogue measures its signal at 0.66. At 5,960 rows and 20 features, TabICLv2 and Kumo Tabular Medium take the table as it is. The others can't take a table this size, so the walkthrough leaves them out.

Walkthrough

  1. Load it from the catalogue

    Find the table, read its recorded target and print the column names.

    import pandas as pd
    from welt import Client
    
    with Client() as client:
        item = client.research_datasets(q="HMEQ loan default", limit=1)["items"][0]
        info = client.research_dataset(item["id"])
        data = client.load_research_dataset(item["id"])
    
    target = info["targets"][0]
    target = target["name"] if isinstance(target, dict) else target
    print([column["name"] for column in info["schema"]], target)
  2. Pick the rows

    Set aside 20 rows to predict at the end, and keep the rest for the models to learn from.

    known = data.dropna(subset=[target])
    new_rows = known.sample(20, random_state=1)
    table = known.drop(new_rows.index)
  3. Compare the models and predict

    The models compete on the same folds against a simple guess, then the top-ranked one is fitted on the whole table. ROC AUC runs from 0.5, a coin toss, to 1, a perfect ranking, and a lower Brier score means the probabilities can be trusted more. The last table puts each prediction next to the real answer.

    with Client() as client:
        evaluation = client.evaluate(table, target, task="classification", seed=7,
                                     models=["tabicl-v2", "kumo-medium"])
        model = evaluation.fit()
    
    print(evaluation.summary()[["name", "rank", "roc_auc_mean", "brier_mean"]])
    features = new_rows.drop(columns=target)
    print(pd.DataFrame({"actual": new_rows[target].values, "predicted": model.predict(features),
                        "probability": model.predict_proba(features).max(axis=1)}))

What you get

A default probabilityPer loan, with calibration you can check.
Missing values handledGaps in credit history go in as they are.
A teaching benchmarkCompare with the many published scorecards.

Try it

Use Open with to run the research datasets notebook in Colab, Kaggle or Jupyter and search for "HMEQ loan default", or run the code above after pip install "welt-client[parquet]".