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Is This Smart Grid Stable?

With these reaction times, power balances and price responses, will a four-node smart grid stay stable? Simulating every case is slow, so a fast prediction helps designers test many set-ups.

Use caseEnergyPredictionModel evaluation

The table

10,000 simulated grids with the reaction time, power produced or used and price elasticity at each node, labelled stable or unstable. It's in Welt's research catalogue as Electrical Grid Stability Simulated Classification, 10,000 rows by 13 columns, licensed CC BY 4.0. The catalogue measures its signal at 0.82. At 10,000 rows and 12 features the table is larger than the model limits allow, so the walkthrough evaluates and fits on a seeded sample of 8,000 rows. TabICLv2 and Kumo Tabular Medium compete.

Walkthrough

  1. Load it from the catalogue

    Find the table, read its recorded target and print the column names.

    import pandas as pd
    from welt import Client
    
    with Client() as client:
        item = client.research_datasets(q="electrical grid stability", limit=1)["items"][0]
        info = client.research_dataset(item["id"])
        data = client.load_research_dataset(item["id"])
    
    target = info["targets"][0]
    target = target["name"] if isinstance(target, dict) else target
    print([column["name"] for column in info["schema"]], target)
  2. Pick the rows

    Set aside 20 rows to predict at the end. The models learn from a seeded sample of 8,000 of the rest, the most this table's width allows.

    known = data.dropna(subset=[target])
    new_rows = known.sample(20, random_state=1)
    table = known.drop(new_rows.index).sample(8000, random_state=7)
  3. Compare the models and predict

    The models compete on the same folds against a simple guess, then the top-ranked one is fitted on the whole table. ROC AUC runs from 0.5, a coin toss, to 1, a perfect ranking, and a lower Brier score means the probabilities can be trusted more. The last table puts each prediction next to the real answer.

    with Client() as client:
        evaluation = client.evaluate(table, target, task="classification", seed=7,
                                     models=["tabicl-v2", "kumo-medium"])
        model = evaluation.fit()
    
    print(evaluation.summary()[["name", "rank", "roc_auc_mean", "brier_mean"]])
    features = new_rows.drop(columns=target)
    print(pd.DataFrame({"actual": new_rows[target].values, "predicted": model.predict(features),
                        "probability": model.predict_proba(features).max(axis=1)}))

What you get

Stable or not, in secondsA probability for any grid set-up.
Fewer simulationsSimulate only the borderline cases.
A clear signalThe catalogue measures a strong signal here.

Try it

Use Open with to run the research datasets notebook in Colab, Kaggle or Jupyter and search for "electrical grid stability", or run the code above after pip install "welt-client[parquet]".