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Will Whooping Cranes Stop Here?

From the mix of wetland, cropland and grassland around a spot, will migrating whooping cranes use it as a stopover? There are only a few hundred of these birds in the wild, so protecting the right places matters.

Use caseBiologyPredictionModel evaluation

The table

Locations along the cranes' migration route with land-cover composition at several distances and the date, labelled by whether cranes stopped there. It's in Welt's research catalogue as Whooping Crane Stopover Habitat, 30,407 rows by 57 columns, licensed CC0. The catalogue measures its signal at 0.50. At 30,407 rows and 56 features the table is larger than the model limits allow, so the walkthrough evaluates and fits on a seeded sample of 2,000 rows. TabICLv2 and Kumo Tabular Medium compete.

Walkthrough

  1. Load it from the catalogue

    Find the table, read its recorded target and print the column names.

    import pandas as pd
    from welt import Client
    
    with Client() as client:
        item = client.research_datasets(q="whooping crane stopover", limit=1)["items"][0]
        info = client.research_dataset(item["id"])
        data = client.load_research_dataset(item["id"])
    
    target = info["targets"][0]
    target = target["name"] if isinstance(target, dict) else target
    print([column["name"] for column in info["schema"]], target)
  2. Pick the rows

    Set aside 20 rows to predict at the end. The models learn from a seeded sample of 2,000 of the rest, the most this table's width allows.

    known = data.dropna(subset=[target])
    new_rows = known.sample(20, random_state=1)
    table = known.drop(new_rows.index).sample(2000, random_state=7)
  3. Compare the models and predict

    The models compete on the same folds against a simple guess, then the top-ranked one is fitted on the whole table. ROC AUC runs from 0.5, a coin toss, to 1, a perfect ranking, and a lower Brier score means the probabilities can be trusted more. The last table puts each prediction next to the real answer.

    with Client() as client:
        evaluation = client.evaluate(table, target, task="classification", seed=7,
                                     models=["tabicl-v2", "kumo-medium"])
        model = evaluation.fit()
    
    print(evaluation.summary()[["name", "rank", "roc_auc_mean", "brier_mean"]])
    features = new_rows.drop(columns=target)
    print(pd.DataFrame({"actual": new_rows[target].values, "predicted": model.predict(features),
                        "probability": model.predict_proba(features).max(axis=1)}))

What you get

A stopover probabilityFor any location along the route.
Where to protectRank sites for conservation.
Many features handledLand cover at several distances goes in as it is.

Try it

Use Open with to run the research datasets notebook in Colab, Kaggle or Jupyter and search for "whooping crane stopover", or run the code above after pip install "welt-client[parquet]".