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Where in the Cell Does This Protein Go?

From eight scores computed from its sequence, which part of the yeast cell does this protein end up in? Knowing where a protein works is a first clue to what it does.

Use caseBiologyPredictionModel evaluation

The table

1,484 yeast proteins with eight sequence-derived signal scores and the cell compartment each is found in. It's in Welt's research catalogue as Yeast Protein Localization, 1,484 rows by 9 columns, licensed CC BY 4.0. The catalogue measures its signal at 0.38. At 1,484 rows and 8 features, TabICLv2, Kumo Tabular Medium and Mitra-v2 take the table as it is. The others can't take a table this size, so the walkthrough leaves them out.

Walkthrough

  1. Load it from the catalogue

    Find the table, read its recorded target and print the column names.

    import pandas as pd
    from welt import Client
    
    with Client() as client:
        item = client.research_datasets(q="yeast protein localization", limit=1)["items"][0]
        info = client.research_dataset(item["id"])
        data = client.load_research_dataset(item["id"])
    
    target = info["targets"][0]
    target = target["name"] if isinstance(target, dict) else target
    print([column["name"] for column in info["schema"]], target)
  2. Pick the rows

    Set aside 20 rows to predict at the end, and keep the rest for the models to learn from.

    known = data.dropna(subset=[target])
    new_rows = known.sample(20, random_state=1)
    table = known.drop(new_rows.index)
  3. Compare the models and predict

    The models compete on the same folds against a simple guess, then the top-ranked one is fitted on the whole table. ROC AUC runs from 0.5, a coin toss, to 1, a perfect ranking, and a lower Brier score means the probabilities can be trusted more. The last table puts each prediction next to the real answer.

    with Client() as client:
        evaluation = client.evaluate(table, target, task="classification", seed=7,
                                     models=["tabicl-v2", "kumo-medium", "mitra-v2"])
        model = evaluation.fit()
    
    print(evaluation.summary()[["name", "rank", "roc_auc_mean", "brier_mean"]])
    features = new_rows.drop(columns=target)
    print(pd.DataFrame({"actual": new_rows[target].values, "predicted": model.predict(features),
                        "probability": model.predict_proba(features).max(axis=1)}))

What you get

A location per proteinWith a probability for each compartment.
Many classesTen locations, all within the collection's limits.
An honest signalThe catalogue measures a modest signal here.

Try it

Use Open with to run the research datasets notebook in Colab, Kaggle or Jupyter and search for "yeast protein localization", or run the code above after pip install "welt-client[parquet]".