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How Much Will This District Harvest?

Given the crop, the season, the year and the area planted, how much will a district in Tamil Nadu produce? State planners use estimates like this to plan storage and prices.

Use caseBiologyPredictionModel evaluation

The table

Crop records for districts in Tamil Nadu with crop, season, year and cultivated area, and the production recorded. It's in Welt's research catalogue as Tamil Nadu Crop Production, 13,547 rows by 7 columns, licensed CC BY 4.0. The catalogue measures its signal at 0.36. At 13,547 rows and 6 features the table is larger than the model limits allow, so the walkthrough evaluates and fits on a seeded sample of 8,000 rows. TabICLv2 and Kumo Tabular Medium compete.

Walkthrough

  1. Load it from the catalogue

    Find the table, read its recorded target and print the column names.

    import pandas as pd
    from welt import Client
    
    with Client() as client:
        item = client.research_datasets(q="Tamil Nadu crop production", limit=1)["items"][0]
        info = client.research_dataset(item["id"])
        data = client.load_research_dataset(item["id"])
    
    target = info["targets"][0]
    target = target["name"] if isinstance(target, dict) else target
    print([column["name"] for column in info["schema"]], target)
  2. Pick the rows

    Set aside 20 rows to predict at the end. The models learn from a seeded sample of 8,000 of the rest, the most this table's width allows.

    known = data.dropna(subset=[target])
    new_rows = known.sample(20, random_state=1)
    table = known.drop(new_rows.index).sample(8000, random_state=7)
  3. Compare the models and predict

    The models compete on the same folds against a simple guess, then the top-ranked one is fitted on the whole table. RMSE and MAE are average errors in the target's own units, so lower is better. The last table puts each prediction next to the real answer.

    with Client() as client:
        evaluation = client.evaluate(table, target, task="regression", seed=7,
                                     models=["tabicl-v2", "kumo-medium"])
        model = evaluation.fit()
    
    print(evaluation.summary()[["name", "rank", "rmse_mean", "mae_mean"]])
    features = new_rows.drop(columns=target)
    print(pd.DataFrame({"actual": new_rows[target].values, "predicted": model.predict(features)}))

What you get

A production estimateFor any district, crop and season.
Unusual harvestsSeasons far from the estimate stand out.
An honest signalThe catalogue measures a modest signal.

Try it

Use Open with to run the research datasets notebook in Colab, Kaggle or Jupyter and search for "Tamil Nadu crop production", or run the code above after pip install "welt-client[parquet]".